medications that cause burning mouth syndrome

Daniel Parker

2 min read

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15-03-2025

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Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic condition characterized by a burning sensation in the mouth, often without any visible lesions or sores. While the exact cause of BMS is often unknown, certain medications have been linked to its development or exacerbation. Understanding these medications is crucial for both healthcare professionals and individuals experiencing BMS. This article explores the various medications associated with BMS, emphasizing the importance of consulting a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

Common Medications Linked to Burning Mouth Syndrome

Several classes of medications have been implicated in causing or worsening burning mouth syndrome. It's important to note that the connection isn't always direct or causal; individual reactions vary greatly.

1. Antihypertensive Medications:

• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: These drugs, commonly prescribed for high blood pressure, such as lisinopril and ramipril, have been reported to cause BMS as a side effect in some patients. The exact mechanism isn't fully understood.
• Calcium channel blockers: Medications like nifedipine and amlodipine, used to treat hypertension and angina, have also been linked to BMS in some cases.

2. Antidepressants and Antianxiety Medications:

• Tricyclic antidepressants: These older antidepressants, such as amitriptyline and nortriptyline, have been associated with dry mouth, which can contribute to the burning sensation in BMS.
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): While less frequently reported than tricyclics, some SSRIs like fluoxetine (Prozac) have been linked to BMS in rare instances.

3. Other Medications:

• Diuretics: These water pills, frequently prescribed for high blood pressure and heart failure, can cause dry mouth, potentially worsening BMS symptoms.
• Antihistamines: Some antihistamines, particularly older generations, are known to cause dry mouth, a common contributing factor to BMS.
• Chemotherapy drugs: Certain chemotherapy agents can damage the mucous membranes of the mouth, leading to a burning sensation. This is a distinct effect, but shares symptoms with BMS.

4. Hormonal Medications:

• Hormone replacement therapy (HRT): Fluctuations in hormone levels, either through menopause or HRT, can sometimes trigger or exacerbate BMS.
• Other hormonal medications: Certain medications affecting hormone balance can indirectly contribute to BMS.

Understanding the Connection: Dry Mouth and BMS

A common thread linking many of these medications is their potential to cause dry mouth (xerostomia). Dry mouth reduces saliva production, which plays a crucial role in lubricating the mouth and protecting it from irritation. The lack of saliva can lead to a burning sensation, mimicking or worsening BMS symptoms.

What to Do if You Suspect Medication-Induced BMS

If you suspect that a medication is causing or worsening your burning mouth syndrome, do not stop taking it abruptly. Always consult your doctor or dentist. They can:

• Evaluate your symptoms: Determine if your symptoms are truly consistent with BMS.
• Review your medication list: Identify any potential culprits.
• Consider alternative medications: If a medication is suspected to be causing BMS, your doctor might suggest switching to an alternative.
• Recommend supportive treatments: This might include artificial saliva, mouthwashes, and other strategies to alleviate dry mouth and burning sensations.

It's crucial to remember that correlation doesn't equal causation. Just because a medication is on this list doesn't automatically mean it's the cause of your BMS. A proper diagnosis from a healthcare professional is vital to ensure accurate treatment.

Further Research and Support

While this article provides information about medications potentially associated with BMS, it's not exhaustive. Further research into specific medications and their potential interactions is always recommended. Organizations dedicated to oral health and chronic pain can offer additional support and resources for individuals living with BMS.

(Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before making any decisions about your medication or treatment.)