how to use cough assist device

Daniel Parker

3 min read

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06-02-2025

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Cough assist devices, also known as mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MIE) devices, are life-changing tools for individuals with weakened coughs who struggle to clear secretions from their lungs. This guide provides a step-by-step explanation on how to use a cough assist device safely and effectively. Remember, this information is for general knowledge and should not replace instructions from your healthcare provider or respiratory therapist. Always follow their specific guidance tailored to your needs.

Understanding Your Cough Assist Device

Before starting, familiarize yourself with your specific device model. Manufacturers provide detailed instructions and often videos demonstrating proper usage. Your healthcare team will also provide personalized training. Key components generally include:

• Airway Connection: This connects the device to your airway via a mouthpiece or tracheostomy tube.
• Pressure Controls: Allow you to adjust the inspiratory (inhalation) and expiratory (exhalation) pressures. These settings are crucial and must be personalized by a healthcare professional.
• Cycle Controls: Dictate the timing and duration of each breath cycle. Again, these settings require professional adjustment.
• Power Source: Most devices use electricity; ensure it's properly connected and working.

Step-by-Step Guide to Using a Cough Assist Device

1. Preparation is Key:

• Positioning: Sit upright in a chair with good back support. This optimizes lung expansion and secretion clearance.
• Airway Clearance: If needed, perform pre-treatment techniques like manual coughing or chest physiotherapy to loosen secretions.
• Device Setup: Ensure the device is turned on, properly connected, and the pressure settings are correct as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Check tubing for any kinks or damage.

2. Attaching the Device:

• Mouthpiece: If using a mouthpiece, ensure a proper seal around your lips. Avoid biting down on the mouthpiece, as this can restrict airflow.
• Tracheostomy Tube: If you have a tracheostomy, connect the device to your tracheostomy tube according to the manufacturer's instructions and your healthcare provider's guidance.

3. Initiating the Cough Assist Cycle:

• Inspiratory Phase: The device will deliver a controlled breath at the prescribed inspiratory pressure, filling your lungs with air.
• Expiratory Phase: After a brief pause, the device switches to the expiratory phase, providing a controlled forceful exhalation to help clear secretions. This is the “cough assist” portion. You may feel a slight pressure during this phase.
• Cycle Repetition: Repeat the cycle as many times as your healthcare provider recommends. Avoid overusing the device, as this can lead to fatigue.

4. Post-Treatment Care:

• Secretion Removal: After each session, check for and remove any collected secretions from the device and airway, as per your healthcare provider's instructions.
• Device Cleaning: Clean the device according to manufacturer recommendations. Regular cleaning prevents bacterial growth and ensures optimal device function.
• Monitoring: Monitor your breathing and cough effectiveness after using the device. Report any changes to your healthcare provider.

5. Troubleshooting Common Issues:

• Insufficient Cough: If the cough is not effective, your healthcare provider may need to adjust the pressure settings or add other therapies.
• Discomfort: Any significant discomfort or pain should be reported immediately.
• Device Malfunction: If the device malfunctions, refer to the manufacturer's instructions or contact your healthcare provider.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: How often should I use my cough assist device?

A: The frequency depends on your individual needs and will be determined by your healthcare provider. It might range from several times a day to just once daily.

Q: Can I use a cough assist device independently?

A: While some individuals can use the device independently after proper training, others may require assistance, particularly initially. Your healthcare provider will assess your ability to use the device safely and effectively on your own.

Q: What are the potential side effects of using a cough assist device?

A: Potential side effects are rare but can include discomfort, fatigue, or minor skin irritation around the mouth or tracheostomy site. Proper use and device maintenance minimize these risks.

Q: Where can I get a cough assist device?

A: Cough assist devices are prescribed by healthcare professionals. You'll need a doctor's order to obtain one through medical equipment suppliers.

Using a cough assist device effectively requires proper training and ongoing support from your healthcare team. This guide offers a general overview; always consult your physician or respiratory therapist for personalized instructions and guidance. Remember that consistent and correct use of your cough assist device is crucial for maintaining optimal lung health.