difference between migraine and headache

Daniel Parker

2 min read

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13-03-2025

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Migraines and headaches are both common sources of head pain, but they are distinctly different conditions. Understanding the key distinctions can help you get the right treatment. This article will explore the differences between migraines and headaches, helping you better understand your head pain.

What is a Headache?

A headache is a pain in the head. It’s a very broad term encompassing various types of pain, ranging from mild to severe. Many factors can trigger headaches, including stress, dehydration, lack of sleep, and eye strain. Most headaches are short-lived and easily treated with over-the-counter pain relievers.

Common Types of Headaches

• Tension headaches: These are the most common type, characterized by a tight, pressing feeling around the head. They are usually mild to moderate in intensity.
• Sinus headaches: These headaches are often associated with sinus infections and are felt in the forehead and cheeks.
• Cluster headaches: These are severe headaches occurring in clusters, with multiple headaches occurring over a period of time, followed by periods of remission.

What is a Migraine?

A migraine is a much more severe type of headache. It's characterized by intense, throbbing pain, usually on one side of the head. Migraines are often accompanied by other symptoms, making them significantly more debilitating than a typical headache.

Key Symptoms of a Migraine

Migraines can manifest with a variety of symptoms, including:

• Intense, throbbing pain: Typically located on one side of the head, but can affect both sides.
• Nausea and vomiting: These are common symptoms, often making it difficult to function.
• Sensitivity to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia): Even normal levels of light and sound can be intensely painful.
• Aura: Some people experience an aura before the headache begins. This could involve visual disturbances like flashing lights or blind spots.
• Other symptoms: These can include fatigue, dizziness, and mood changes.

Migraine vs. Headache: A Comparison Table

How to Tell the Difference

Differentiating between a migraine and a headache can be challenging. However, consider these key factors:

• Severity of pain: Migraine pain is typically much more intense than a typical headache.
• Accompanying symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, light and sound sensitivity strongly suggest a migraine.
• Duration: Migraines usually last longer than other headaches.
• Pattern: Do you experience recurrent headaches with similar symptoms? This could indicate migraines.

When to See a Doctor

If you experience frequent or severe headaches, or if your headaches are accompanied by other concerning symptoms like fever, stiff neck, vision changes, or numbness, it’s crucial to see a doctor. They can help diagnose the cause of your headaches and recommend appropriate treatment. A neurologist specializes in diagnosing and treating migraines and other neurological conditions.

Conclusion

While both headaches and migraines cause head pain, migraines are significantly more severe and debilitating. Understanding the key differences between these conditions is important for effective self-management and seeking appropriate medical care when necessary. If you're unsure whether you're experiencing a migraine or a headache, consulting a healthcare professional is always the best course of action. Remember to keep a headache diary to track symptoms, frequency, and potential triggers to aid in diagnosis and treatment.